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关税炸弹延期拆除!中美休战延至11月,中国港口吞吐量单周飙涨6.8%

发布于 2025-08-26

<p data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><span leaf="">这份花旗银行(Citi Research)于2025年8月15日发布的《中国经济:中国出口跟踪(15):关税重新加码风险暂时缓解》报告的主要内容总结如下:</span></p><ol class="list-paddingleft-1"><li><p><strong><span leaf="">核心结论:中美关税升级尾部风险暂时缓解</span></strong></p></li><ul class="list-paddingleft-1"><li><section><span leaf="">报告的核心观点是,中美贸易摩擦升级的“尾部风险”(Tail risks)目前已经</span><strong><span leaf="">基本解除</span></strong><span leaf="">(largely defused)。</span></section></li><li><section><span leaf="">这一判断的主要依据是中国商务部(MOFCOM)于</span><strong><span leaf="">8月12日</span></strong><span leaf="">官方宣布,将中美关税休战期</span><strong><span leaf="">正式延长至11月中旬</span></strong><span leaf="">(mid-November)。这发生在原定休战可能结束(8月13日)的前夕。</span></section></li></ul><li><p><strong><span leaf="">中国出口高频数据更新(截至8月13日)</span></strong></p></li><ul class="list-paddingleft-1"><li><strong><span leaf="">整体货运量恢复:</span></strong><section><span leaf="">&nbsp;在截至8月10日的一周内,中国</span><strong><span leaf="">整体港口货物吞吐量</span></strong><span leaf="">同比(YoY)增长</span><strong><span leaf="">6.8%</span></strong><span leaf="">。</span></section></li><li><strong><span leaf="">月度累计趋势:</span></strong><section><span leaf="">&nbsp;8月迄今(month-to-date)的货运量同比增长趋势在</span><strong><span leaf="">3%至5%</span></strong><span leaf="">&nbsp;之间。</span></section></li><li><strong><span leaf="">美国航线集装箱离港量:</span></strong><section><span leaf="">&nbsp;在截至8月13日的一周内(即原定休战截止日前),发往美国的集装箱离港量</span><strong><span leaf="">同比大幅下降23.5%</span></strong><span leaf="">(相比一周前的同比持平 - 0.0% YoY)。报告指出这一下降发生在原定截止日期之前。</span></section></li><li><strong><span leaf="">美国自华海运进口账单:</span></strong><section><span leaf="">&nbsp;在截至8月10日的一周内,美国从中国的海运进口账单额</span><strong><span leaf="">同比下降13.8%</span></strong><span leaf="">。报告认为这部分进口需求正处于一个“</span><strong><span leaf="">试探性低谷</span></strong><span leaf="">”(tentative trough),并且数据表现符合预期(stayed well on track)。</span></section></li></ul><li><p><strong><span leaf="">数据来源与图表概览</span></strong></p></li><ul class="list-paddingleft-1"><li><strong><span leaf="">图3:</span></strong><section><span leaf="">&nbsp;中国港口货物吞吐量(Weekly cargo throughput at ports)。</span><p><span x-noteelement="excluded" aria-describedby=":r0:"></span></p><section nodeleaf=""><img class="rich_pages wxw-img" data-ratio="0.7272727272727273" data-type="png" data-w="374" data-imgfileid="100043557" style="height: auto !important;" data-src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_png/VXjHib6YROwkOB9DzshJYas7jOLnn41ianRXApOR9FicAThoMichjYg0ZDia2FEPv1UY9AgJXDvNbgCfPvguib2XEW0A/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;from=appmsg" /></section></section></li><li><strong><span leaf="">图4:</span></strong><section><span leaf="">&nbsp;中国集装箱出口量(China Container Export Volume)。</span><p><span x-noteelement="excluded" aria-describedby=":r2:"></span></p><section nodeleaf=""><img class="rich_pages wxw-img" data-ratio="0.7356948228882834" data-type="png" data-w="367" data-imgfileid="100043560" style="height: auto !important;" data-src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_png/VXjHib6YROwkOB9DzshJYas7jOLnn41ianaP9icD1AnC7ejS2AdO2n2JEE7bXhZbqjhwkkABALiboAycTPDl3GXQ2g/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;from=appmsg" /></section></section></li><li><strong><span leaf="">图5:</span></strong><section><span leaf="">&nbsp;中国发往美国与非美国的集装箱离港量对比(Container departure from China, US vs. non-US)。</span><p><span x-noteelement="excluded" aria-describedby=":r4:"></span></p></section></li><li><strong><span leaf="">图6:</span></strong><section><span leaf="">&nbsp;集装箱船抵达东盟港口量(Containership arrivals at ASEAN ports)。</span><p><span x-noteelement="excluded" aria-describedby=":r6:"></span></p></section></li><li><strong><span leaf="">图7:</span></strong><section><span leaf="">&nbsp;中国集装箱运价指数(CCFI)- 美国航线(US West Coast &amp; US East Coast)。</span><p><span x-noteelement="excluded" aria-describedby=":r8:"></span></p><section nodeleaf=""><img class="rich_pages wxw-img" data-ratio="0.7253333333333334" data-type="png" data-w="375" data-imgfileid="100043559" style="height: auto !important;" data-src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_png/VXjHib6YROwkOB9DzshJYas7jOLnn41ian2AicvFLceia8PjlrEDJbonRB7I9w3FTh4esX5CCu6LWBH3lPepyKiaqow/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;from=appmsg" /></section></section></li><li><strong><span leaf="">图8:</span></strong><section><span leaf="">&nbsp;中国集装箱运价指数(CCFI)- 非美国航线(Europe等)。</span><p><span x-noteelement="excluded" aria-describedby=":ra:"></span></p><section nodeleaf=""><img class="rich_pages wxw-img" data-ratio="0.726790450928382" data-type="png" data-w="377" data-imgfileid="100043558" style="height: auto !important;" data-src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_png/VXjHib6YROwkOB9DzshJYas7jOLnn41ianichZQXsmkDPJ8O8zGzaicNNhgMvWrV0WWL6VtsFm6GW7a5IANAJG4BEQ/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;from=appmsg" /></section></section></li></ul><ul class="list-paddingleft-1"><li><section><span leaf="">报告引用了多个数据源,包括HMSi(推测为船舶跟踪数据)、中国交通运输部(MoT)、Wind资讯、PortWatch/IMF、IHS Markit、Bloomberg、CEIC等。</span></section></li><li><section><span leaf="">报告包含多个图表(Figure),尽管文本描述有些混乱和重复,但可以看出主要涉及:</span></section></li></ul><li><p><strong><span leaf="">报告性质与合规信息</span></strong></p></li><ul class="list-paddingleft-1"><li><section><span leaf="">这是一份由花旗研究(Citi Research)发布的研究报告。</span><p><span x-noteelement="excluded" aria-describedby=":rc:"></span></p></section></li><li><section><span leaf="">报告包含详细的分析师认证(Analyst Certification)和重要的法律披露(Important Disclosures),强调分析师独立性、潜在利益冲突、报告分发限制(禁止未经授权转发)、不同司法管辖区的监管要求等。</span></section></li><li><section><span leaf="">报告明确声明其内容仅供参考(for informational purposes only),不构成投资建议或买卖证券的要约(not intended as an offer or solicitation)。</span><p><span x-noteelement="excluded" aria-describedby=":re:"></span></p></section></li></ul></ol><p><strong><span leaf="">总结关键点:</span></strong></p><ul class="list-paddingleft-1"><li><section><span leaf="">中美贸易紧张局势的关键短期风险(关税重新加码)因</span><strong><span leaf="">休战期延长至11月中旬</span></strong><span leaf="">而</span><strong><span leaf="">暂时缓解</span></strong><span leaf="">。</span></section></li><li><section><span leaf="">中国整体出口货运量(港口吞吐量)在8月上旬显示出</span><strong><span leaf="">温和复苏迹象</span></strong><span leaf="">(周增长6.8%,月累计增长3-5%)。</span></section></li><li><section><span leaf="">然而,</span><strong><span leaf="">对美国出口的特定指标(集装箱离港量)在休战截止日前出现显著下滑</span></strong><span leaf="">(-23.5% YoY),美国自华海运进口账单额也处于同比下降状态(-13.8% YoY),表明对美出口需求仍相对疲软。</span></section></li><li><section><span leaf="">报告提供了截至8月中旬的一系列高频出口数据追踪图表。</span></section></li></ul><p><span leaf="">这份报告的核心价值在于及时评估了中美贸易政策变化(休战延长)对市场尾部风险的缓解作用,并提供了最新的中国出口活动高频数据快照,特别是关注了对美出口的动态。</span></p><p style="display: none;"><mp-style-type data-value="3"></mp-style-type></p>

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